| Name | Abbreviation | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Avogadro’s number | NA | 6.02 x 10+23 molecules mole–1 |
| Universal gas constant | R | 8.314 J mol–1 K–1 |
| Bolzmann’s constant | kB | 1.38 x 10–23 J K–1 |
| Planck’s constant | h | 6.63 x 10–34 J s |
| Faraday’s constant | F | 96,485 J mol–1 V–1 |
| Electron charge | e | 1.60 x 10–19 J V–1 |
| Conversion Factor | Value |
|---|---|
| kJ to kcal | 4.1868 |
| kcal to kJ | 0.2388 |
| mmol to mol µmol to mmol nmol to µmol | 0.001 |
| mol to mmol mmol to µmol µmol to nmol | 1000 |
| ∘C to K | K = ∘C + 273.15 |
| ∘C to ∘F | ∘C = (∘F − 32) 5/9 |
| ∘F to ∘C | ∘F = 5/9 (∘C) + 32 |